Generally speaking, Thorlabs' co-fired piezo chips and stacks are constructed similarly. Schematic of PK4DMP2 Piezo Stack Operation NotesĬo-Fired Piezo Chips, Co-Fired Piezo Stacks, and Discrete Piezo Stacks Align the Individual PZT or BSPT Crystals Along the Same Axis by Poling the Elements.Screen Print the Outer Electrodes on the Elements.Lap the Elements to Achieve Tight Dimensional Tolerances: ±5 µm for Each Element.Sinter the Elements to Fuse the Piezoelectric Pressed Powder and Grow PZT or BSPT Crystals.Purge Solvent and Binder Material Residues by Heat Treating the Elements. Dice the Block into Individual Elements.Consolidate the Layered Sheets in an Isostatic Press.Layer the Printed Sheets One Top of Another.Screen Print Electrodes on Each Individual Sheet.Build Blocks from Flexible Sheets of Lead Zirconate Titanate (PZT) or BiScO 3-PbTiO 3 (BSPT) Powder.For more information about our manufacturing process and capabilities, please see our Piezoelectric Capabilities page. A glimpse into the fabrication of our piezoelectric chips follows. This allows us to economically produce high-quality products, including custom and OEM devices. Our piezoelectric chips are fabricated in our production facility in China, giving us full control over each step of the manufacturing process. Please contact Tech Support for more information.Ĭhips After Binder Burnout and Sintering Thorlabs' In-House Piezoelectric Manufacturing Piezo chips with custom dimensions, voltage ranges, and coatings are available. For convenience, the stacks have pre-attached 75 mm long wires and are wrapped in polyimide tape. For harsh environments, we also offer discrete stacks with hermetically sealed housings. The ceramic layer offers better protection against moisture than an epoxy coating. Please see the Operation tab for more information on interfacing piezoelectric actuators with loads, special operational considerations, and data that will allow the lifetimes of these actuators to be estimated when their operational conditions are known.Ī ceramic layer covering the other four sides of the stack acts as a barrier against moisture. The PKJCUP, PKFCUP, and PKGCUP conical end cups, which are compatible with ball contacts with diameters between 1.5 to 7.0 mm, can also be used to safely interface the load and the actuator. The hemispherical ceramic plate makes it possible to interface the actuator with an off-axis load, as the curved surface routes the applied force along the actuator's translating axis. When the load can be directed along the translating axis of the actuator, the flat plate with its large contact area provides a better option for achieving maximum force transfer. The flat and hemispherical ceramic plates offer different advantages. The ceramic plates assist in both distributing the applied force of the load over the mounting surface of the stack and in directing the force along the actuator's axis of translation. The hemispherical plate is attached so that the curved surface is exposed to the interface with the load. One plate is flat, and the other can be chosen to be flat or hemispherical. By combining many chips, a stack is able to achieve a free stroke displacement that is significantly larger than that of its single chip counterpart while maintaining sub-millisecond response times and a low drive voltage range.Ĭeramic plates cap the two mounting surfaces of the piezoelectric stack, which are located at opposite ends of the stack. Thorlabs' Discrete Piezoelectric Stacks consist of multiple piezoelectric chips stacked face-to-face and bonded via epoxy and glass beads. Custom Options Available, Please Contact Tech Support.Conical End Cups, Hemispheric End Pieces, and Flat End Plates Also Available Separately.Pre-Attached Wires (~75 mm Long) for Ease of Integration.BiScO 3-PbTiO 3 (BSPT) Stack Offered for Temperatures up to 250 ☌.Maximum Operating Temperature of 130 ☌ for Lead Zirconate Titanate (PZT) Stacks.Each Stack Contains Multiple 75 V, 100 V, or 150 V Piezoelectric Chips.Free Stroke Displacement Options from 5.2 µm to 100.0 µm.Drive Voltage Ranges: 0 to 75 V, 0 to 100 V, or 0 to 150 V.Clicking this icon below will open a window that contains specifications, mechanical drawings, and graphs.
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